Fluorescent Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria as Vehicles of DNA Microbial Biosensors
Management and quantification of effector molecules corresponding to heavy metals, toxins or different goal molecules is of nice biotechnological, social and financial curiosity. Microorganisms have regulatory proteins that acknowledge and modify the gene expression within the presence or absence of those compounds (effector molecules) via binding to gene sequences. The affiliation of those recognizing gene sequences to reporter genes will permit the detection of effector molecules of curiosity with excessive sensitivity.
As soon as investigators have these two elements-recognizing gene sequences and reporter genes that emit signals-we want an appropriate automobile to introduce each components. Right here, we propose lactic acid micro organism (LAB) and bifidobacteria as promising service microorganisms for these molecular biosensors. Using fluorescent proteins in addition to food-grade vectors and clustered repeatedly interspaced brief palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are indispensable instruments for introducing biosensors into these microorganisms. Using these LAB and bifidobacteria can be of particular curiosity for learning the intestinal setting or different advanced ecosystems.
The good number of species tailored to many environments, in addition to the opportunity of making use of a number of protocols for his or her transformation with recognizing gene sequences and reporter genes are appreciable benefits. Lastly, an effort should be made to search out recognizable gene sequences.
Description: A polyclonal antibody against DNAAF5. Recognizes DNAAF5 from Human. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against DNAAF5. Recognizes DNAAF5 from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against DNAAF5. Recognizes DNAAF5 from Human. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of GTPases. Members of this family are required for cytokinesis. One version of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and X, with the breakpoint associated with the genes encoding the mixed-lineage leukemia and septin 2 proteins. This gene encodes four transcript variants encoding three distinct isoforms. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its biological validity has not been determined.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family involved in cytokinesis and cell cycle control. This gene is a candidate for the ovarian tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene cause hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy, also known as neuritis with brachial predilection. A chromosomal translocation involving this gene on chromosome 17 and the MLL gene on chromosome 11 results in acute myelomonocytic leukemia. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is highly expressed in brain and heart. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. One of the isoforms (known as ARTS) is distinct; it is localized to the mitochondria, and has a role in apoptosis and cancer.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin gene family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is mapped to 22q11, the region frequently deleted in DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes. A translocation involving the MLL gene and this gene has also been reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The presence of a non-consensus polyA signal (AACAAT) in this gene also results in read-through transcription into the downstream neighboring gene (GP1BB; platelet glycoprotein Ib), whereby larger, non-coding transcripts are produced.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the CDC10 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein also shares similarity with Diff 6 of Drosophila and with H5 of mouse. Each of these similar proteins, including the yeast CDC10, contains a GTP-binding motif. The yeast CDC10 protein is a structural component of the 10 nm filament which lies inside the cytoplasmic membrane and is essential for cytokinesis. This human protein functions in gliomagenesis and in the suppression of glioma cell growth, and it is required for the association of centromere-associated protein E with the kinetochore. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Several related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17 and 19.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of GTPases. Members of this family are required for cytokinesis and the maintenance of cellular morphology. This gene encodes a protein that can form homo- and heterooligomeric filaments, and may contribute to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found but the full-length nature of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]
Description: This gene encodes a guanine-nucleotide binding protein and member of the septin family of cytoskeletal GTPases. Septins play important roles in cytokinesis, exocytosis, embryonic development, and membrane dynamics. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin gene family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is mapped to 22q11, the region frequently deleted in DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes. A translocation involving the MLL gene and this gene has also been reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The presence of a non-consensus polyA signal (AACAAT) in this gene also results in read-through transcription into the downstream neighboring gene (GP1BB; platelet glycoprotein Ib), whereby larger, non-coding transcripts are produced.
Description: This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the CDC10 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein also shares similarity with Diff 6 of Drosophila and with H5 of mouse. Each of these similar proteins, including the yeast CDC10, contains a GTP-binding motif. The yeast CDC10 protein is a structural component of the 10 nm filament which lies inside the cytoplasmic membrane and is essential for cytokinesis. This human protein functions in gliomagenesis and in the suppression of glioma cell growth, and it is required for the association of centromere-associated protein E with the kinetochore. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Several related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17 and 19.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: The CLCN5 gene encodes the chloride channel Cl-/H+ exchanger ClC-5. This gene encodes a member of the ClC family of chloride ion channels and ion transporters. The encoded protein is primarily localized to endosomal membranes and may function to facilitate albumin uptake by the renal proximal tubule. Mutations in this gene have been found in Dent disease and renal tubular disorders complicated by nephrolithiasis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is unconjugated.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 390.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 565.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 655.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 680.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to ATTO 700.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to APC .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to APC/Cy7.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Biotin.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Dylight 350.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Dylight 405.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Dylight 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Dylight 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Dylight 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to FITC.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to HRP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to PerCP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to RPE .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is conjugated to Streptavidin.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for alpha Tubulin from Human. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human alpha-Tubulin. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This alpha Tubulin antibody is unconjugated.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This antibody is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. In general the ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 3:1. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes, each expressing only one class of light chain. Once set, light chain class remains fixed for the life of the B lymphocyte. In a healthy individual, the total kappa to lambda ratio is roughly 3:1 in serum (measuring intact whole antibodies) or 1:1.5 if measuring free light chains, with a highly divergent ratio indicative of neoplasm.
Individual B-cells in lymphoid tissue possess either kappa or lambda light chains, but never both together. Specific rearrangement of lambda light chain of immunoglobulins can lead to loss of some protein coding genes, which does not seem to be functionally relevant (while functionally relevant miR-650 can be overexpressed). Using immunohistochemistry, it is possible to determine the relative abundance of B-cells expressing kappa and lambda light chains. If the lymph node or similar tissue is reactive, or otherwise benign, it should possess a mixture of kappa positive and lambda positive cells. If, however, one type of light chain is significantly more common than the other, the cells are likely all derived from a small clonal population, which may indicate a malignant condition, such as B-cell lymphoma. [Wiki]
Description: Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes, each expressing only one class of light chain. Once set, light chain class remains fixed for the life of the B lymphocyte. In a healthy individual, the total kappa to lambda ratio is roughly 3:1 in serum (measuring intact whole antibodies) or 1:1.5 if measuring free light chains, with a highly divergent ratio indicative of neoplasm.
Individual B-cells in lymphoid tissue possess either kappa or lambda light chains, but never both together. Specific rearrangement of lambda light chain of immunoglobulins can lead to loss of some protein coding genes, which does not seem to be functionally relevant (while functionally relevant miR-650 can be overexpressed). Using immunohistochemistry, it is possible to determine the relative abundance of B-cells expressing kappa and lambda light chains. If the lymph node or similar tissue is reactive, or otherwise benign, it should possess a mixture of kappa positive and lambda positive cells. If, however, one type of light chain is significantly more common than the other, the cells are likely all derived from a small clonal population, which may indicate a malignant condition, such as B-cell lymphoma. [Wiki]
Description: Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes, each expressing only one class of light chain. Once set, light chain class remains fixed for the life of the B lymphocyte. In a healthy individual, the total kappa to lambda ratio is roughly 3:1 in serum (measuring intact whole antibodies) or 1:1.5 if measuring free light chains, with a highly divergent ratio indicative of neoplasm.
Individual B-cells in lymphoid tissue possess either kappa or lambda light chains, but never both together. Specific rearrangement of lambda light chain of immunoglobulins can lead to loss of some protein coding genes, which does not seem to be functionally relevant (while functionally relevant miR-650 can be overexpressed). Using immunohistochemistry, it is possible to determine the relative abundance of B-cells expressing kappa and lambda light chains. If the lymph node or similar tissue is reactive, or otherwise benign, it should possess a mixture of kappa positive and lambda positive cells. If, however, one type of light chain is significantly more common than the other, the cells are likely all derived from a small clonal population, which may indicate a malignant condition, such as B-cell lymphoma. [Wiki]
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This MAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
Description: This mAb is specific to lambda light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with kappa light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.
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Irregular Homocysteine Metabolism: An Perception of Alzheimer’s Illness from DNA Methylation
Alzheimer’s illness (AD) is a persistent neurodegenerative illness within the central nervous system that has advanced pathogenesis within the aged. The present evaluation focuses on the epigenetic mechanisms of AD, in response to the newest findings. The most effective-characterized chromatin modifications in epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation. Extremely replicable knowledge reveals that AD incidence is usually accompanied by methylation degree adjustments of the AD-related gene.
Homocysteine (Hcy) is just not solely an intermediate product of one-carbon metabolism but in addition an vital impartial danger issue of AD; it may possibly have an effect on the cognitive perform of the mind by altering the one-carbon metabolism and interfering with the DNA methylation course of, leading to cerebrovascular illness. Usually, Hcy could also be an environmental issue that impacts AD by way of the DNA methylation pathway with a collection of adjustments in AD-related substance. This evaluation will think about the relation between DNA methylation and Hcy and take a look at to determine their rule within the pathophysiology of AD.
TET is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the PHD-pVHL pathway to reduce DNA hydroxymethylation
Hypoxia-inducible components are heterodimeric transcription components that play an important position in a cell’s capability to adapt to low oxygen. The von-Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL), acts as a grasp regulator of HIF exercise, and its focusing on of prolyl hydroxylated HIF-α for proteasomal degradation beneath normoxia is considered a significant mechanism for pVHL tumor suppression and mobile response to oxygen.
Whether or not pVHL regulates different targets by the same mechanism is essentially unknown. Right here, we determine TET2/Three as novel targets of pVHL. pVHL induces proteasomal degradation of TET2/3, leading to decreased international 5-hydroxymethylcytosine ranges.
Conserved proline residues inside the LAP/LAP-like motifs of those two proteins are hydroxylated by the prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (PHD2/EGLN1 and PHD3/EGLN3), which is prerequisite for pVHL-mediated degradation. Utilizing zebrafish as a mannequin, we decided that international 5-hydroxymethylcytosine ranges are enhanced in vhl-null, egln1a/b-double null and egln3-null embryos.
Subsequently, we reveal a novel perform for the PHD-pVHL pathway in regulating TET protein stability and exercise. These knowledge prolong our understanding of how TET proteins are regulated and supply new perception into the mechanisms of pVHL in tumor suppression.
Level-of-care DNA testing by routinely and sequentially performing extraction, amplification and identification in a closed-type cassette
Nucleic acid detection is vital for scientific diagnostics; nonetheless, it’s difficult to carry out genetic testing on the point-of-care because of the tedious steps concerned in DNA extraction and the chance of cross-contamination from amplicons.
To realize a fully-automated and contamination-free nucleic acid detection, we suggest a closed-type cassette system which allows the next steps to be operated routinely and sequentially: pattern preparation based mostly on magnetic beads, goal amplification utilizing multiplex polymerase chain response, and colorimetric detection of amplicons utilizing a serial invasive response coupled with the aggregation of gold nanoparticle probes.
The cassette was designed to be spherical and closed, and 10 targets in a pattern might be concurrently detected by the bare eye or utilizing a spectrophotometer within the system.
As well as, a cassette-driven system was fabricated to switch reagents between wells, to regulate the temperature of every response, and to sense the color within the detection wells. The cassette system was delicate sufficient to detect 10 genotypes at 5 single nucleotide polymorphism websites associated to the anticoagulant’s utilization, through the use of a 0.5 µL blood pattern.
The accuracy of the system was evaluated by detecting 12 entire blood samples, and the outcomes obtained have been according to these obtained utilizing pyrosequencing. The cassette is hermetic and the entire system is absolutely computerized; the one guide operation is the addition of the pattern to the cassette, performing point-of-care genetic testing in a sample-in/answer-out means.
Description: Interleukin-4 Human Recombinant produced in yeast is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 129 amino acids.;The IL-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: 4-1BB Receptor, a member of the TNF superfamily of receptors, is mainly expressed on the surface of a variety of T cells, but also found in B cells, monocytes, and various transformed cell lines. 4-1BB Receptor binds to 4-1BBL to provide a co-stimulatory signal for T lymphocytes. Signaling by 4-1BB Receptor has been implicated in the antigen-presentation process and generation of cytotoxic T cells. The human 4-1BB Receptor gene codes for a 255 amino acid type I transmembrane protein containing a 17 amino acid N-terminal signal sequence, a 169 amino acid extracellular domain, a 27 amino acid transmembrane domain and a 42 amino acid cytoplasmic domain. Recombinant human soluble 4-1BB Receptor is a 167 amino acid polypeptide (17.7 kDa), which contains the cysteine rich TNFR-like extracellular domain of 4-1BB Receptor.
Description: PF-4 is a CXC chemokine that is expressed in megakaryocytes and stored in the α-granules of platelets. PF-4 is chemotactic towards neutrophils and monocytes and has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis. Recombinant human PF-4 is a 7.8 kDa protein containing 70 amino acid residues, including the four highly conserved residues present in CXC chemokines.
Description: IL-4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. Feline IL-4 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-4 produced in yeast.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase I from Human. This DNA Ligase I antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the N-terminal region of human DNA Ligase I at AA range: 80-160
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase I from Human. This DNA Ligase I antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the N-terminal region of human DNA Ligase I at AA range: 80-160
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase I from Human. This DNA Ligase I antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the N-terminal region of human DNA Ligase I at AA range: 80-160
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase III from Human, Mouse, Rat. This DNA Ligase III antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase III at AA range: 110-190
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase III from Human, Mouse, Rat. This DNA Ligase III antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase III at AA range: 110-190
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase III from Human, Mouse, Rat. This DNA Ligase III antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase III at AA range: 110-190
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase IV from Human. This DNA Ligase IV antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase IV at AA range: 560-640
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase IV from Human. This DNA Ligase IV antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase IV at AA range: 560-640
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of DNA Ligase IV from Human. This DNA Ligase IV antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human DNA Ligase IV at AA range: 560-640
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